GIS in Archaeology

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#  GIS in Archaeology

##  03 - Making Maps

###  Martin Hinz

####  Institut für Archäologische Wissenschaften, Universität Bern

09/10/24
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based on [Datapolitan-Training/qgis-training](https://github.com/Datapolitan-Training/qgis-training)

You can download a [pdf of this presentation](gis_in_archaeology_03.pdf).
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#Let's Get Started
1. [Click this link](https://github.com/BernCoDALab/gia/raw/main/lectures/03/data/going_out_in_bern.zip) and download the 'going_out_in_bern' data to your desktop
2. [Click this link](https://github.com/BernCoDALab/gia/raw/main/lectures/03/data/bicycle_rent.csv) and download the csv data to your desktop
3. [Click this link](https://github.com/BernCoDALab/gia/raw/main/lectures/03/data/background.tiff) and download the background map also to your desktop
4. Open QGIS
5. Start a new project and Add all layers

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# Selecting Points
![:width 70%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select1.png)

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# Selecting Points
![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select2.png)

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+ Click the point
![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select3.png)

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# Selecting Points
![:width 20%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select4.png)

![:width 70%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select5.png)

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# Selecting Points - Attribute Table
![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select6.png)![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select7.png)

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# Selecting Points - Saving Selection

![img-right-65](data:image/png;base64,#images/select8.png)

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# Selecting Points - Saving Selection

+ If we wanted to reproject the data into a different CRS, we could do that here

![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/select9.png)
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+ Pick the new projection in the CRS field (like when we imported the CSV)
+ You can also export your CSV file as shape file - making further adding to the map easier

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# Selecting Points - Saving Selection as CSV

+ If we wanted analyse our data using eg. statistical software, we also can export as csv.

![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/export_csv1.png)
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+ If you like to export the coordinates, you can select that at 'Layer options'

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# Styling points according to data
+ can be used to map different categories within a vector dataset
+ is available for all kinds of vector data

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# Styling points according to data

![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/style_categories_01.png)![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/style_categories_02.png)

+ Select Properties
+ Go to Symbology and change 'Single Symbol' to 'Categorised'
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# Styling points according to data

![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/style_categories_03.png)![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/style_categories_04.png)

+ Select the data (column) that represents your categories
+ Select 'Classify'
+ Enjoy the result
+ You can the colors according to your needs

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## Installing Plugins
+ QGIS has many third party functionality available
+ We will use some of them in the course
+ let's get some Background with QuickMapServices

![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/install_plugin1.png)![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/install_plugin2.png)

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## Basemaps (QuickMapServices)

+ Satellite imagery
+ Map services
+ ...
+ Fast and easy way to get background maps

![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/install_plugin4.png)![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/install_plugin5.png)

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# Setting Up QuickMapServices Plugin
+ Go to the Settings Menu
![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/basemap4.png)

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# Setting Up QuickMapServices Plugin
+ Get the contributed packs

![:width 50%](data:image/png;base64,#images/basemap5_box.png)

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# Setting Up QuickMapServices Plugin
+ Revel in all the beautiful base maps
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![:width 22%](data:image/png;base64,#images/basemap6.png)
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# Choosing a Base Map
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+ Think about what someone reading your map needs to see for context
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+ Think about how the base map interacts with the data on your map

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# Base Maps - Hierarchy
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+ If your data is the most important part of the map, make sure it looks more important than the base map
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+ Avoid base maps that strongly emphasize features that aren't relevant on your map

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# Base Maps - Colors
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+ Choose base maps with colors that complement the colors on your map
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+ The contrast between the color on your map and the color on the base map should be enough to make your layers clearly visible

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# Base Maps - Scale

![img-center-55](data:image/png;base64,#images/scale.jpg)

#### Source: http://go.owu.edu/~jbkrygie/krygier_html/geog_222/geog_222_lo/geog_222_lo04.html

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# Base Maps - Scale
+ Base maps show different levels of detail at different scales
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+ Make sure the level of detail is appropriate to your map

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## Scale

![img-center-80](data:image/png;base64,#images/scale-basemap.png)

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## Scale

![img-center-80](data:image/png;base64,#images/scale-basemap-denver.png)

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# Your Turn
+ Find a good base map for your data
+ Think about hierarchy, color, and scale
+ Don't be afraid to play around

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## Print Composer
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+ How you make exportable and printable maps in QGIS
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+ Able to add map elements (legends, scales, text, etc)

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## Create a new print composer

![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp2.png)
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![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp3.png)

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## You are greeted with a blank slate

![:width 80%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp4.png)

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## Add New Map tool will add your current map
![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp5_box.png)
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![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp6.png)

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## Customize item properties on the right
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![:width 35%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp7.png)
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## Don't forget a title and your sources

![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp8_box.png)
![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp9.png)

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## Adding North Arrow

![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/north_arrow1.png)
![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/north_arrow2.png)
+ You can select from multiple arrow types
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## Adding Scale bar

![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_scale_1.png)
![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_scale_2.png)
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## Adding Scale bar

+ You can also select and customize different styles of scale bars

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![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_scale_3.png)
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## There are a few exporting options

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![:width 45%](data:image/png;base64,#images/print_comp10.png)
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## Now you can share your map or print it

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![:width 80%](data:image/png;base64,#images/final_map.png)
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# Print Composer Problems
+ Map extent -> "Use current map extent"
+ Moving map around -> Adjust with arrows

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# What We've Covered
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+ Selecting features
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+ Exporting data
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+ Making Maps

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# Homework
+ Filter for service requests in your borough
+ Try and find something interesting
+ Change the style of the point, either to a different shape, color, or icon
+ Export your selection as a new shapefile
+ Get a background map
+ Make a decent Map
+ Send me an exported map (png or pdf)

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# Any questions?

![:width 20%](data:image/png;base64,#images/grumpy_lane.jpg)

.caption[Source: https://www.instagram.com/sadtopographies]

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You might find the course material (including the presentations) at

https://github.com/BernCoDALab/gia

You can see the rendered presentations at

https://berncodalab.github.io/gia

You can contact me at

<a href="mailto:martin.hinz@unibe.ch">martin.hinz@unibe.ch</a>
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